Identification of Sanskrit loan words

Let us see how to identify sanskrit loan words in Dravidian languages

INTRODUCTION

Hi everyone!

In this article I'm going to show how to identify or differentiate a Sanskrit word in dravidian languages. The Dravidian languages are Tulu, Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu & Kannada.

Here I'm using IAST instead of Indic scripts. To learn IAST through Kannada script go through "this" link. 

VOVALS

There are 13 vovals. They are a, ā, i, ī, u, ū, r̥, r̥̄, e, ē, ai, ō, ō, au, aṃ, aḥ.

Here Dravidian language uses these sounds - a, ā, i, ī, u, ū, e, ē, o & ō. Whereas sanskrit uses all the vovals.

Dravidian languages implemented ai, au & aṃ instead of ayi, avu & am (ങ്, ഞ്, ണ്, ന്, മ്).

CONSONANTS

Consonants are classified as Listed and Unlisted consonants.

Let us see the classification of listed consonants. These are classified as alpaprāṇa, mahāprāṇa & anunāsika.

Dravidian languages do not have mahaprana sounds & limited to alpaprana and anunasika, whereas in sanskrit every listed consonants are used.

Alpaprana - ka, ca, ṭa, ta, pa | ga, ja, ḍa, da, ba.

Mahaprana - kha, cha, ṭha, tha, pha | gha, jha, ḍha, dha, bha.

Anunasika - ṅa, ña, ṇa, na, ma.

Unlisted consonants are - ya, ra, ṟa, la, va, śa, ṣa, sa, ha, ḷa, ḻa.

Here Dravidian languages use - ya, ra, ṟa, la, va, ḷa, ḻa.

In sanskrit all unlisted consonants are used except ḻa & ṟa.

In Dravidian languages sa is implemented instead of ca (kannada) & ta (Tulu).

ḻa & ṟa are limited to Dravidian languages only. (Currently used in Tamil and Malayalam only).